Poverty Alleviation
This work helps to maintain stable and affordable prices for wheat grain for the poor whose diets depend on wheat, and focuses on national policies that foster more productive and food-secure rural communities.
“One of the most direct ways that disasters affect agriculture is through lower-than-expected production. This causes direct economic loss to farmers which can cascade along the entire value chain.”
New variety adoption
A 2003 CIMMYT study showed that a 10% increase in cultivation of high-yielding varieties of major crops, including wheat, was associated with a 10-15% increase in per capita GDP, reduced fertility and mortality. This research not only proves the effectiveness of CGIAR’s work in the past, but also helped shape WHEAT’s research priorities over the last 10 years. By fostering the production and distribution of new, high-yielding and stress-tolerant varieties, WHEAT has contributed to poverty alleviation around the globe.
A 2003 study showed that in the absence of CGIAR genetic improvement in wheat during 1965-2000,
- world food production would have been 4–5% lower;
- world grain prices would have been 18–21% higher;
- area planted to food crops would have been expanded by 11–13 million hectares in developing countries, sometimes at the expense of primary forests and fragile lands with high biodiversity;
- per capita food consumption in developing countries would have been 5% lower on average and up to 7% lower in the poorest regions;
- some 13–15 million additional children would have been malnourished, predominantly in South Asia.
A 2018 study suggests that investments in breeding high-yielding varieties was one of the most successful forms of foreign aid to developing countries for half a century, further justifying continued investment in staple crop research programs: Two Blades of Grass: The Impact of the Green Revolution.
A 2013 research showed that, without the contributions of CGIAR crop genetic improvement in the developing world, wheat production in 2004 would have been 43-60% lower than observed, driving up the average price of wheat by 29-59%: Green Revolution research saved an estimated 18 to 27 million hectares from being brought into agricultural production.
A 2016 report showed that varieties on nearly half the world’s wheat lands — as well as 70-80% of all wheat in South Asia, Central and West Asia, and North Africa — carry genetic contributions from CGIAR research and partnerships. Conservative estimates of the yearly economic benefits in added wheat grain from this work ranged from $2.2 – $3.1 billion dollars in 2010, besides helping to maintain stable wheat prices that benefit poor consumers: Impacts of International Wheat Improvement Research.
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Quick response to crop disease
The impact of quick responses to wheat diseases such as wheat rust and blast has reduced the risk of global pandemics and averted major potential food shortages worldwide. Working with international partners, WHEAT has improved the surveillance, diagnostics, and response to wheat diseases, and developed and delivered disease-resistant varieties to farmers every year. This prepared and proactive approach helped to protect smallholder incomes around the world.
Wheat rust
- The three strains of wheat rust fungi are estimated to cause yearly losses in wheat crops of over 15 million tons valued at ~$2.9 billion, if not controlled through use of resistant varieties.
- After 3 to 5 years, new rust pathogen strains can overcome wheat resistance genes and multiply rapidly.
Wheat blast
- Wheat blast, a deadly pathogen with origins in South America, has appeared in Bangladesh and Zambia. It can cause 30-100% yield losses.
- WHEAT helped increase the frequency of wheat blast-resistance in elite wheat lines from 5% to over 90%.
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Web Content
Web Content
Web Content
Web Content
How tools and mechanization can improve income opportunities and livelihoods
WHEAT and partners developed, refined and deployed appropriate-scale mechanization solutions that mitigated labor shortages and built capacity across continents. Research revealed that smallholder demand for machinery was higher than previously realized, and that WHEAT projects in Africa, South Asia and Latin America improved livelihoods and income opportunities for farmers.
If the Nutrient Expert Tool were used in all rice and wheat acreage in India, we would see...
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Journal Article
Journal Article
Last-mile social, political and economic challenges to large-scale productivity and income increases in wheat-based systems